[Culture of human keratinocytes in serum free medium]

Keratinocytes are useful for cellular transplantation studies in order to improve functional outcome in burn patients and chronic wounds. Recently they have been used for generation of iPS cells with high efficiency. In this study, we described the details on separation, culture and proliferation of human keratinocytes from foreskin samples. In this experimental and qualitative study we obtained neonatal foreskin samples following newborn circumcision under sterile conditions. We used dispase enzyme to separate the epidermis from the dermis. Trypsin enzyme was used for isolation of keratinocyte cells from the epidermis layer. Isolated cells were cultured in type I human collagen-coated dishes and serum-free Epilife medium. We assessed morphological and immunocytochemical aspects of the isolated cells. Morphological and Immunocytochemical analyses revealed that isolated cells have typical keratinocyte morphology and they could express CK14 which is a specific marker of the keratinocytes. The cells were successfully sub-cultured at a split ratio of 1:2 every 4 to 5 days. After passage 10, a significant decrease in the proliferation of the human keratinocyte cells was observed. Morphologically the cells were flat and thin. In this study we improved the method of isolation and cultivation of human keratinocyte from foreskin. Using this method, we isolated human keratinocytes for more than 20 times. Thus, it can be concluded that this method is reproducible in other laboratories

Effect of early urethral dilatation in prevention of complications in hypospadias patients after urethroplasty

Hypospadias is a common congenital malformation in boys. One of the common surgical techniques for correction of hypospadias is [Tubularized Incised Plate urethraplasty=TIP]. Meatal stenosis and fistula formation are known post-operative complications. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the effect of early urethral dilatation in prevention of post operative complications. A randomized clinical trial including 60 patients with distal hypospadias who underwent tabularized incised plate urethroplasty with or without dilatation was conducted in Bandar Abbas children hospital in 2011. Patients were divided in two groups. The number of the patients and mean age were not different in two groups. Urethral dilatation was started in first group at two weeks following surgery and continued for six months. The patients of second group were followed without urethral dilatation. All patients were followed for occurance of complications for one year. Chi-Square and t-test were used to compare the groups. In the first group the early fistula, late fistula, stenosis, hematoma, urinary infection, cutaneous necrosis, and wound dehiscence were developed in 16.7%, 6.7%, 10%, 26.7%, 13.3%, 10%, and 20% of the patients, respectively. In the second group these complications were seen in 10%, 6.7%, 3.3%, 13.3%, 6.7%, 3.3%, and 6.7% of the patients, respectively. Statistical analysis of results showed no significant differences between two groups in rate of complications. Early urethral dilatation after urethroplasty has no significant effect on postoperative complications

Assessment of risk factors of premanturity among neonates born in Bandar Abbas shariati hospital

Prematurity remains the main cause of mortality and morbidity in infants and a problem in the care of pregnant women world-wide. This study describes the risk factors for having a live preterm delivery in Bandar Abbas Shariati Hospital. In this case-control study, we studied 300 neonates who were borned in Shariati hospital in 2011 and divided them into two groups: case group [100 mothers with premature neonates] and control group [200 mothers with term infants]. Risk factors that were studied include maternal age and job, parent's knowledge, the history of preterm birth, uterine abnormality, maternal systemic and infectious disease, prenatal care, placental abnormality, trauma in pregnancy, maternal low weight gain in pregnancy, the number of previous pregnancy, inter pregnancies gap, maternal smoking, membrane abnormality, previous abortion, pregnancy with assisted reproductive therapy. Data collection and analysis were performed using SPSS 16 and t-test and Chi-Square were used to analyze the significance of the results. The results show that in mothers with preterm birth, prolong premature rupture of membrane 27.92 times, uterine and cervical anomaly about 15 times, preeclamcia 5.26 times, the history of preterm birth 4.96 times, family dependency 2.67 times, urinary tract infection 2.24 times and diabetes 2.18 time more exposed to prematurity than mothers with term birth [P<0.05]. According to this study prolong premature rupture of membrane, uterine and cervical anomaly, preeclamcia and history of preterm birth are the most important risk factors for preterm delivery

Epidemiologic study of poisonings in patients reffering to emergency ward of Shahid Mohammadi university hospital in Bandar Abbas

Poisoning is a major health problem worldwide and one of the most common reasons for visiting emergency departments [EDs]. The object of this study was to determine the epidemiological characteristics of poisoned patients referred to emergency department of Bandar Abbas Shahid-Mohammadi hospital in 2011-2012. In a cross-sectional study between March 2011 and February 2012 all the paitents admitted through ED for further evaluation and treatment were investigated. Data were gathered from direct interviewing and patient's medical files by using a checklist and analyzed by SPSS version 16 using descriptive statistical tests, Chi-Square and t-test. Poisonings comprised 3.6% of emergency department patients. During the study period, 493 patients with drug or chemical exposure were admitted. Of them, 52.1% were male and 47.9% were female. 75.7% were between the ages of 14-29 years. Benzodiazepines [23.1%] followed by Tramadol [20.1%] were the most common cause of poisonings. Intentional poisonings constituted the majority of cases [67%]. The mean age of suicidal cases was lower [23.3 vs 30.3]. The majority of patients were single [52.9%], unemployed [58.4%] and living in urban centers [75.3%]. 26% of patients had a diagnosed psychiatric disease, 13% had previous suicidal self-poisoning and 32.3% were addicted. 2.2% of patients were died during hospital stay. In this study, poisonings most commonly occur as intentional and mostly by pharmaceutical agents. The prevalence was higher in younger individuals than other groups. According to these findings, the authorities have to prevent its further occurance by screening of psychiatric diseases in poisoning cases and early treatment of them, as well as limiting easy availability of drugs

[Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from mesenchymal stem cells of human umbilical cord vein]

The aim of this study was to generate induced pluripotent stem cells from human umbilical cord vein mesenchymal stem cells by use of plasmid vector. In this experimental study using type IV collagenase enzyme, we extracted and cultured mesenchymal stem cells obtained from human umbilical cord vein wall.Usingelectroporation method, these cells were transfected with plasmid vector which carried selfrenewal transcription factors of OCT4 and SOX2.After 9 days we observed the induced pluripotent stem cells like colonies. The nature of thesecells were evaluated byimmunocytochemistry and alkalin phosphatase activity of embryonic stem cells. Immunocytochemical analysis showed that these cells express the pluripotency markerssuch as OCT4, SSEA4, TRA1-60, TRA1-81, and also hadalkalin Phosphatase activity. This study revealed that transient expression of self renewal genes of OCT4 and SOX2 could lead to development of induced pluripotent stem cells like colonies from umbilical cord vein mesenchymal stem cells

[ effect of extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic field on serum lipids in male rabbit with and without hypercholesterol diet]

Increasing blood lipids is one of the mortality factors in human communities. In this study the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic field [EMF] exposure on the lipid profile [total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and HDL] in 48 male rabbits with normal diet and hyper-cholesterol diet were investigated. This study was experimentally conducted on 48 New Zealand adult male rabbits. The rabbits in control groups, C1 [normal diet] and C3 [hyper-cholesterol diet], were not exposed to any electromagnetic field. Sham exposed groups male rabbits, containing C2 [normal diet] and C4 [hyper-cholesterol diet] were exposed to sham stimulated [without electromagnetic stimulation] for 5 days, 2 hours per day, and the rabbits in the treatment groups, including T1 [normal diet] and T2 [hyper-cholesterol diet], were treated with triangular form 10 Hz of electromagnetic field for 5 days, 2 hours per day. Immediately after the mentioned period, blood samples were obtained from ear vein, and levels of so-called factors were measured. Acquired data were compared with statistical method of One-Way ANOVA. In the exposed groups, the levels of Total cholesterol, Triglycerides, and LDL were significantly decreased compared with the control groups; and the amount of HDL was significantly mounted [p<0.05]. The results acquired indicate extremely low frequency triangular electromagnetic field can positively alter the levels of serum lipids both in rabbits with normal diet and rabbits with hyper lipid diet

study of the status of electromagnetic waves resulting from BTS [base transceiver station], 900 megahertz frequency in Tehran

with the developments of technology, contact with various frequencies of electromagnetic fields [EMF] has significantly increased, while the abundant benefits of using microwaves in routine life cannot be neglected. During recent years there have been reports of adverse effects caused by contact with electric and magnetic fields of these waves that spread from BTS antennas. The purpose of this study is the measurement of microwaves spreading around BTS antennas in Tehran. according to the location of BTS antennas in Tehran, power density of electromagnetic waves around 63 antennas in near and distant fields in different distances was measured. The measurements were performed using the standard method of IEEE Std C95.1 by Hi-4333 device .in order to analysis data we used spss 16 and descriptive and deductive statistical tests. results of this study show that in the near field, with increase of distance from the foot of antenna, the average power density of electromagnetic waves increase in a way that in the distance of 10 meters from the antenna foot, the increase of average power density is hardly conceivable and from 10 to 15 meters distance is perfectly noticeable. But in the distant field, with increase of distance from 20 meters, the average power density of the electromagnetic waves decreases; and from 100 meter and further, the gradient of the diagram will get almost linear and the rate of power density reaches the base limit in a way that with the increase of distance there would be no significant decrease. All the measures of power density of electromagnetic waves caused by BTSs are about 0.06% of recommended measures of environmental standards and 0.0000013% of occupational standards. The results of this study are close to the results of other studies

Improving breast self-examination: an educational intervention based on health belief model

This study evaluated the effect of an educational program on breast self-examination [BSE] among women living in Bandar Abbas, Iran. This trial studied 240 eligible women attending at eight health centers of Bandar Abbas who were randomly divided into intervention [n = 120] or control [n=120] group. Data regarding belief on breast self examination were collected through the Champion's Health Belief Model Scale [CHBMS]. At the initial of the study, there were no differences between two groups in terms of socio demographic data, the mean scores of Champion's Health Belief Model [CHBM] sub-scales and breast self-examination rate. At follow up time the intervention group compared to control group has obtained significant higher mean score of CHBM in terms of all sub-scales except for the subscale of BSE benefit. This study indicated that the designed program could improve Breast Self Examination among studied women

[ survey of administration of cherries ethanolic extract on the serum levels of lipids of diabetic rats]

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder in the endocrine system resulting from a defect in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. It is the most common endocrine disorder and by the year 2010, it is estimated that more than 200 million people worldwide will have DM and 300 million will subsequently have the disease by 2025. Tart cherry [Rosaceae] are packed with powerful plant pigments called anthocyanins-which give cherries their dark red color-and it's these compounds one of richest antioxidant sources, lower blood sugar and insulin levels. Adding cherries to the diet also lower the animals' total cholesterol levels and triglycerides. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of Cherries Ethanolic Extract on the Serum Levels of Lipids on Alloxan induced diabetic rats. In this study 36 Male Wistar rats, body weight of 150-200 gr were divided into 6 groups. Diabetes was induced by intra peritoneal injection of 120 mg/kg Alloxan. The duration of the cherries treatment was 30 days. Treatment with extracts of cherries resulted in a significant reduction in triglyceride, LDL, as well as increase in HDL level. Extracts from this plant useful in controlling blood lipids levels. Cherries appear to aid in diabetes control and in reducing the complications of disease

Effect of melatonin on peripheral neuropathic pain in diabetic rat

Diabetes mellitus is often accompanied by chronic neuropathic pain. Studies indicate that oxidative stress has an important role in the appearance of neurological and behavioral changes in diabetes. Necessitating researching therefore the antioxidants effects in alleviation of diabetic neuropathic pain. In this study, 32 male Wistar rats weighing 200 +/- 20 g were used, and were divided into four groups: Control[C], melatonin[M], diabetic[D] and melatonin-treated diabetic[MD]. Experimental diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg streptozotocin [STZ]. Melatonin was injected [10 mg/kg/day, i.p.] for 2 weeks, after 21 days of diabetes induction. At the end of administration period, nociceptive biphasic behavior in rats was assessed using the 0.5% formalin test, and then observed for up to 60 min, according to spontaneous flinching and licking responses. In this study, lipid peroxidation levels, glutathione-peroxidase and catalase activities were measured in spinal L4-S3 dorsal root ganglia. Experimental data were then statistically analyzed Formalin-evoked flinching increased in both acute and chronic phases of pain in diabetic rats as compared to non-diabetic ones, whereas administration of melatonin reduced flinching frequency in both phases in MD rats. Total time of licking in diabetic rats was significantly [p < 0.05] more than the control rats in both acute and chronic phases of pain melatonins injection significantly reduced this time in both phases of pain in the MD as compared D group, whereas was no significant difference between M and C rats in the indices mentioned. Assessment of dorsal root ganglia homogenates indicated an increase in Lipid peroxidation levels and a decrease in GSH-Px and CAT activities in the D group as compared to the controls [C]. While melatonin administration ameliorated these in diabetic rats. Results suggest that oxidative stress contributes to appearance of pain in diabetes and melatonin, as an antioxidant, is effective in reducing the acute and chronic pain in diabetic rats

Economic growth and air pollution in iran during development programs

Given the importance of environment and sustainable development, environmental issues are very important. Investigating environment quality and economic growth relation plays an important role in optimizing economic development perspective in the country. For this purpose, this study surveys the aforementioned relationship in the various Country Development Programs. Variables of the model are carbon dioxide emissions per capita [as an indicator of pollution], Iran GDP per capita, the number of cars produced and imported, the degree of openness of an economy [ratio of total exports and imports to GDP], the country population, and the dummy variables of development programs. The results of this study showed that in the variables classes, the Chi-squafe test represent that the emissions of carbon dioxide and air pollution have significant relationship. The estimated logarithmic Grossman and Krueger model showed that the domestic gross incomes, the number of vehicles, and the rate of population have direct relationship with carbon dioxide gas emissions. The highest correlation is related to gross domestic income. So that one percent increase in gross income, these gas emissions 5.539 percent will increase. The relationship between the degree of openness of economy and these gas emissions was negative, with one percent increase in this index; these gas emissions 0.3372 percent will be reduced. Finally, results showed that the third Development Program compared with the other programs was successful in controlling pollution. It indicated less annual increase in carbon dioxide emissions and pollution that is caused by the implementation of programs like Comprehensive Program of Pollution Reduction in the eight largest cities. Therefore, this study suggests that these programs should be continued with emphasis on the control of all effective variables

IUD continuation rate and the reasons for discontinuation in women referring to Bandar Abbas health centers, Iran

Electroconvulsive therapy [ECT] is an effective treatment for many psychological disorders, mainly major depression and schizophrenia which is often associated with some complications such as hypertension, tachycardia arrhythmia and even myocardial infarction. Various methods have been used for prevention or control of these cardiovascular side effects. The aim of this study was evaluating the effect of oral clonidine as premedication on hemodynamic response after ECT. This double-blind clinical trial was performed on 100 patients aged 15-50 years with ASA I and II who were candidates for ECT. Prior to ECT, patients were randomly divided to 2 equal groups. The first group [N=50] received oral clonidine and the second group [N=50] received placebo as premedication. After baseline measurement of heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, similar induction of anesthesia was done in both groups. Then ECT was induced. The patients heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured again 2 minutes after termination of convulsion. Data was analyzed by t-test p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Regarding age, sex and baseline hemodynamic parameters, the patients were similar in both groups. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures after ECT were significantly lower in clonidine group [p<0.05], but there was no significant difference between heart rate after ECT in the two groups. According to these results, we recommend usage of clonidine as premedication before ECT

Randomized comparison of vaginal dinoprostone and high dose oxytocin of labor: safety and efficacy

Unripe cervix is the most important factor in failure of labor induction. This study is conducted to compare the efficacy and side effects of Dinoproston and high dose oxytocin as ripening agents in labor induction. In this double blinded randomized clinical trial, 1290 women with unfavorable cervix who underwent labor induction were randomly assigned to vaginal Dinoproston [9 mg] or intravenous high dose Oxytocin [6miu/min] groups. Initial 12 hours Bishop-Score, labor induction to labor duration, delivery type, 1 and 5 minute APGAR, side effects on mother or neonate, hospitalization duration and hospitalization costs were recorded. Data were analysed using t and Chi-square tests by means of Minitab statistical shoftware. The results showed that vaginal Dinoproston was effective in shortening latent phase of labor [P<0.01]. But, mean Bishop-Score over the initial 12 hours, the interval between labor induction to delivery, and side effects for mother or neonate were not different between the two groups. Based on the results, although hospitalization duration was not different between the groups, hospitalization costs for Dinoproston group was significantly higher [P<0.05] It seems that inspite of shortening the latent phase of labor in vaginal Dinoproston group, it is not more effective than high dose Osytocin as an adjuvant to labor induction in women with unfavorable cervix

Application of metal resistant bacteria by mutational enhancment technique for bioremediation of copper and zinc from industrial wastes

In this research, using mutation in the metal resistant bacteria, the bioremediation of the copper and zinc from copper factory effluents was investigated. Wastewater effluents from flocculation and rolling mill sections of a factory in the city of Kerman were collected and used for further experiments. 20 strains of Pseudomonas spp. were isolated from soil and effluents surrounding factory and identified by microbiological methods. Minimum inhibitory concentrations for copper [Cu] and zinc [Zn] were determined by agar dilution method. Those strains that exhibited highest minimum inhibitory concentrations values to the metals [5mM] were subjected to 400-3200 mg/L concentrations of the three mutagenic agents, acriflavine, acridine orange and ethidium bromide. After determination of subinhibitory concentrations, the minimum inhibitory concentrations values for copper and zinc metal ions were again determined, which showed more than 10 fold increase in minimum inhibitory concentrations value [10 mM for Cu and 20 mM for Zn] with P

[Comparison of pathology and prevalence of Prostate Cancer in patients with PSA between 4-10ng/ml]

Prostate cancer is the forth common cancer in the world with different prevalence rate based on age, race and geographic area. Prevalence of prostate cancer in patients with PSA between 4-10ng/ml is reported to be about 20% in some studies. The aim of this study was to define the prevalence of prostate cancer in patients with 4-10 ng/ml PSA, in different age groups, based on Gleason grade. In this cross sectional descriptive-analytic study, after taking informed consent, TRUS [Tran rectal ultrasound biopsy] was done in all patients with PSA of 4-10 ng/ml who referred to Labafinejad hospital from 2005 to 2006. Their pathology was classified into 3 groups, from 1-10, according to Gleason grade. Patients with cancers were divided into three groups; 50-60, 60-70 and 70-80 years old, according to their age. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS software and descriptive tests. Prevalence of prostate cancer in 155 studied patients that underwent TRUS biopsy was 17.4%. Considering the age of patients, the rate of prostate cancer was 29%, 48.1% and 22.2% in 50-60, 60-70, and 70-80 years old patients. According to Gleason grade, the rate of prostate cancer was 3.7%, 74% and 22.2% in grades 1-4, 5-7 and 8-10, respectively. Prevalence of prostate cancer in patients with PSA between 4-10 ng/ml in this study was 17.4 percent and most of these patients were in 50-60 year-old age groups and have Gleason grade less than 7. The majority of these patients are curable by radical prostatectomy

[Manifestations, complication and underlying disease associated with Zona in the Al-Zahra Hospital of Isfahan [1375-1385]]

Zona is a disease due to reactivation of dormant Herpes Zoster virus in dorsal root gangelion and almost manifest by vesicular rash in one dermatom. 100 patients with a descriptive study, identified as having zona during ten years [1375-85] at Al-Zahra hosptial in Isfahan were reviewed. Patients investigated from the point of age, sex prevalence, underlying disease involved and dermatom. 1% of patients were under 20 years,%16 between 20 and 50 years and%83 greater than 50 years old.%45 of Cases were male and%55 were femle. Mean age of them were 61.4 +/- 2. Among 100 patients 68 cases had underlying disease. 23 cases had history of surgery in 2 resent months [%52.2 male], 15 cases had diabet type II [%46.7 male]. 13 cases had malignancy [%69.2 male], 13 cases had used corticostroid [%46.2% male] and 4 cases had psychological disorder that all were female. The most involved dermatom in the patients were 34 trigeminal, 24 thoracic, 7 cervical, 16 lumber, 12 sacral and 7 Generalized. There were significantly relation between underlying disease and involved dermatom [P<0.001], all of the patients with generalized dermatom were immunocompromised. Zona is more common and sever in immune compromised patients and people suffering from underlying disease. Therefore this matter necessitates prevention of disseminated forms and complication of disease through increasing awareness of patients in this regard and earlier presentation for treatment

Breast cancer risk factors in south of Islamic Republic of Iran: a case-control study

A case-control study was carried out from April 2000 to March 2002 to investigate risk factors for breast cancer in Bandar Abbas, south Islamic Republic of Iran. Using logistic regression analysis, 168 women with pathologically confirmed primary breast cancer were compared with 504 age-matched controls. Significant risk factors were: family history of breast cancer in a first-degree relative, younger age at menarche, never married, first full-term pregnancy age 30+ years and > 5 full-term pregnancies. In multivariate analysis, negative history of breastfeeding was also significant. Cases and controls did not differ with regard to parity, history of abortion, oral contraceptive use, menopausal status, age at menopause, ever-use of hormone replacement therapy, history of benign breast disease or history of cigarette smoking

Histopathological features of Ornithodoros lahorensis bite on rat

Besides of transmitting several diseases to animals, and tick paralysis, Ornithodoros lahorensis induce skin lesions. This experiment was done to determine histopathological features of adult O. lahorensis bite on rat. In this investigation adult male rats were infested with O. lahorensis ticks. Animals were divided into two groups and euthanized two days and two weeks after infestation. The skin samples were fixed in 10% buffer formal saline and processed and sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The lesions reflected the clinical and gross findings, with hyperemia, edema and vacuolation in the early stages, cellular infiltrations, principally lymphocyte accompanied vascular changes. Newly formed fibrous tissue with large number of hyperemic capillaries and active inflammatory process in which lymphocytes and eosinophils were the predominant cells, were seen after two weeks. Foci of necrosis in the epithelium with remnant of infiltration of polymorphonucular cells with sever hemorrhages were also evident. Vascular changes included prevascular infiltration of lymphocyte and fibrinoied ne'crosis on the vessel walls. This study well documented the different pathological changes of skin of rats with O. lahorensis

[Carotid artery sonography findings in 291 patients undergoing CABG]

Doppler ultrasonography [DUS] is the most preferable method for screening of carotid artery disease in patients undergoing CABG. The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency of carotid artery disease and determine the relation between known risk factors of atherosclerosis and rate of carotid artery narrowing in order to identify high-risk groups among patients scheduled for isolated elective coronary artery bypass grafting [CABG] procedures. Two-hundred ninety-one patients [222 males and 69 females] undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting were preoperatively evaluated by carotid artery Doppler ultrasomography and the morphology of carotid artery was determined. Age, sex, cervical bruit, diabetes mellitus [DM], hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, history of cerebrovascular event [CVE] and coronary angiographic findings were investigated to define the high-risk group for carotid artery disease. Data were analyzed by SPSS software and P<0.05 was considered significant. Patients ages ranged from 35 to 95 years [mean of 57.6 +/- 10.4 years]. Eleven patients [3.8%] had history of cerebrovascular events [CVE]. 13 patients [4.5%] had cervical bruit. Left main coronary artery involvement was observed in 19 patients [6.4%]. In 127 patients [43.6%] carotid scanning was normal, fifty nine patients [20.4%] had less than 50% stenosis [mild stenosis], ninty seven patiens [33.3%] had 50-70% stenosis [moderate stenosis], and eight patiens [2.7%] had more than 75% stenosis [severe stenosis]. Calcified plaque was observed in 109 patients [37.5%]. Previous cerebral ischemic events [P=0.297], diabetes mellitus [P=0.467], hypertension [P=0.110], hyperlipidemia [P=0.08], smoking [P=0.401], age >60 years [P=0.84], female sex [P=0.730], and left main coronary disease [P=0.390] were not identified as high-risk factors for carotid artery stenosis greater than 50%. But positive MI history [P=0.025], and cervical bruit [P=0.002], were significantly related to 50% carotid artery stenosis. Based on the results of this study, we can not suggest DUS as a routine screening method in all patients undergoing CABG, except for patients with history of MI and cervical bruit. Another important finding was that 56.4% of patients posted for CABG had different degrees of carotid artery stenosis which requires a long term CVA prophylaxis program